🇨🇦 MARCINSKI Zygmunt · CANADA

114rank
-119.0Butler · 266 bds
-0.45per board
±4.1swing
-0.29vs par /bd · #94/138
-0.42adjusted /bd
Butler per round: -5.8 -17.2 -13.2 -24.5 -4 -14.8 7.3 25.2 -8.6 7.6 -11.3 18 -12.7 -3.4 -20.5 -22.3 -14.9 19.7 -23.6by round

vs par split: bidding +0.11 · play -0.40

Strength of schedule: opponents averaged +0.03/bd (an average draw) → opponent-adjusted -0.42/bd

Card play — on target: opening leads 79.7% #75 of 138 · declarer play 66.7% #121 of 138 · defence 82.7% #109 of 138

Bidding activity — not a pass: 44.3% #41 of 138 (345/778)

Card play by contract type — on target
vs NTvs a suit
Opening leads70.6% (17)83.0% (47)
Declarer play58.8% (17)70.3% (37)
Defence70.3% (37)87.3% (102)

Opening leads by suit led: ♠ 75.0% (16) · ♥ 85.7% (14) · ♦ 77.8% (18) · ♣ 81.2% (16)

vs par by strain: NT -0.94 (77) · a suit -0.02 (189)

vs par by level: part-score +0.49 (105) · game -0.66 (143) · slam -1.83 (18)

By role: declaring -0.49/bd (-2.94 vs par · 127) · defending -0.41/bd (+2.14 vs par · 139)

By vulnerability: vulnerable -0.35/bd (+0.11 vs par · 133) · not vulnerable -0.54/bd (-0.68 vs par · 133)

By round↑ top

RoundPartnerOpponentsRoomBdsButlerAvgvs par
Round 1M.LorberT.Brown – I.ThomsonOpen14-5.8-0.41+1.29
Round 2M.LorberA.Azzam – M.El BazClosed14-17.2-1.23+2.43
Round 4M.LorberP.Zelnik – H.BergerClosed14-13.2-0.94-1.43
Round 5M.LorberT.Bergdahl – J.OstbergClosed14-24.5-1.75+0.86
Round 6M.LorberR.Goenka – S.GuptaClosed14-4.0-0.29-0.07
Round 7M.LorberR.Chamberlain – P.ShieldsClosed14-14.8-1.06+0.36
Round 8M.LorberQ.Li – J.DaiClosed14+7.3+0.52-0.79
Round 9M.LorberN.Stuckey – D.CrombieClosed14+25.2+1.80+0.00
Round 11M.LorberM.Ino – R.GellerClosed14-8.6-0.61+2.43
Round 12M.LorberC.Daehr – G.CohnerClosed14+7.6+0.54+0.71
Round 13M.LorberJ.Wolfson – S.GarnerClosed14-11.3-0.81-3.07
Round 14M.LorberC.Chang – C.ChenClosed14+18.0+1.29+1.50
Round 15M.LorberW.Starkowski – M.KwiecienClosed14-12.7-0.91-1.86
Round 16M.LorberJ.Hayet – P.SibonyClosed14-3.4-0.24-1.57
Round 17M.LorberB.Levin – E.RodwellClosed14-20.5-1.46-2.14
Round 19M.LorberS.Wan – R.LingClosed14-22.3-1.59-1.07
Round 20M.LorberD.Pilon – P.ChottinClosed14-14.9-1.06-3.43
Round 21M.LorberO.Ludvigsen – J.MikkelsenClosed14+19.7+1.41+3.50
Round 23M.LorberD.Schaltz – P.SchaltzClosed14-23.6-1.69-3.07

Every board — best Butler first↑ top

vs par = IMPs this pair scored above (+) or below (−) the board’s double-dummy par — what bidding and play (theirs and the opponents’) added or gave away against perfect play.

ButlerRoundOpponentsBdContractLeadResvs par
+13.0Round 9🇳🇿 NEW ZEALAND104♠♣K+2+13
+8.6Round 15🇵🇱 POLAND65♣x♦A+1+13
+8.4Round 19🇭🇰 HONG KONG CHINA54♥x♣A-2+9
+8.1Round 8🇨🇳 CHINA163NT♦5=+0
+8.1Round 9🇳🇿 NEW ZEALAND33NT♥Q=-1
+8.0Round 21🇳🇴 NORWAY94♥♦Q+2+13
+7.8Round 12🇩🇪 GERMANY183NT♠5-1+10
+7.7Round 6🇮🇳 INDIA166♥♠A-1+5
+7.7Round 21🇳🇴 NORWAY33NT♣A-3+10
+7.0Round 9🇳🇿 NEW ZEALAND143NT♥Q=-2
+6.4Round 19🇭🇰 HONG KONG CHINA63♦♠K+1+10
+6.3Round 4🇦🇹 AUSTRIA224♠x♦T-2+5
+6.3Round 14🇹🇼 CHINESE TAIPEI262♣♠A+2+10
+6.1Round 8🇨🇳 CHINA203♦♠9-4+10
+6.1Round 19🇭🇰 HONG KONG CHINA33NT♣T-1+12
+6.0Round 16🇲🇦 MOROCCO254♥♦7-1+12
+5.4Round 6🇮🇳 INDIA154♠♠6-1+10
+5.4Round 12🇩🇪 GERMANY273♥♠J+2+13
+5.0Round 1🇦🇺 AUSTRALIA24♠♥2-1+10
+5.0Round 14🇹🇼 CHINESE TAIPEI183♥♠5+1+10
+5.0Round 20🇫🇷 FRANCE273NT♣3=-1
+4.9Round 7🏴󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿 ENGLAND144♥♣3=+8
+4.7Round 2🇪🇬 EGYPT246♦♠K=+3
+4.7Round 9🇳🇿 NEW ZEALAND73NT♥7+2+1
+4.0Round 12🇩🇪 GERMANY262♠♣J-1+5
+4.0Round 14🇹🇼 CHINESE TAIPEI254♥x♦A-1+6
+3.9Round 9🇳🇿 NEW ZEALAND113NT♥T+3+1
+3.7Round 6🇮🇳 INDIA272♥♦A+1+2
+3.7Round 11🇯🇵 JAPAN22♠♣A-1+3
+3.5Round 9🇳🇿 NEW ZEALAND16♥♠2-1+11
+3.5Round 23🇩🇰 DENMARK143♣♠K-1+10
+3.4Round 7🏴󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿 ENGLAND24♥♦2+2+14
+3.3Round 14🇹🇼 CHINESE TAIPEI194♥♣J+1+0
+3.2Round 8🇨🇳 CHINA184♥♣3-2+2
+3.2Round 21🇳🇴 NORWAY13NT♠A-2+5
+3.1Round 2🇪🇬 EGYPT201NT♣T+1+11
+3.1Round 16🇲🇦 MOROCCO162♥♥A-2+2
+3.0Round 4🇦🇹 AUSTRIA254♣x♠A-2-5
+3.0Round 6🇮🇳 INDIA232♥♥7=+12
+2.9Round 5🇸🇪 SWEDEN42♠♦A=+0
+2.9Round 5🇸🇪 SWEDEN113♦♣A-1+8
+2.9Round 13🇺🇸 USA1115♦♥5+1-11
+2.8Round 16🇲🇦 MOROCCO225♦x♣K=+4
+2.7Round 11🇯🇵 JAPAN143NT♠3=+3
+2.7Round 13🇺🇸 USA112♠♥6-1-2
+2.7Round 13🇺🇸 USA156♠♠2=+0
+2.7Round 16🇲🇦 MOROCCO173♥♣Q=+7
+2.7Round 16🇲🇦 MOROCCO214♠♦A-2+6
+2.6Round 4🇦🇹 AUSTRIA194♦♣K-1-3
+2.6Round 6🇮🇳 INDIA243NT♠2+2+2
+2.6Round 16🇲🇦 MOROCCO275♠♦8=+11
+2.5Round 1🇦🇺 AUSTRALIA143NT♣3+3+2
+2.4Round 7🏴󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿 ENGLAND53NT♠J+1+1
+2.4Round 20🇫🇷 FRANCE282♠♣A-3+1
+2.4Round 21🇳🇴 NORWAY104♠♥8-1+12
+2.3Round 4🇦🇹 AUSTRIA265♠x♣Q-1+0
+2.3Round 9🇳🇿 NEW ZEALAND93♥♦K=+1
+2.3Round 11🇯🇵 JAPAN12♥♣K=-7
+2.3Round 11🇯🇵 JAPAN51NT♥6+2+1
+2.3Round 12🇩🇪 GERMANY151♠x♥T=+2
+2.3Round 17🇺🇸 USA2111♥♠3+1-1
+2.3Round 20🇫🇷 FRANCE202NT♦3=+11
+2.2Round 2🇪🇬 EGYPT253♠♣2=+1
+2.2Round 8🇨🇳 CHINA173NT♠A-1+2
+2.2Round 8🇨🇳 CHINA242♥♦A=+0
+2.1Round 1🇦🇺 AUSTRALIA72♠♦A+2+10
+2.1Round 8🇨🇳 CHINA253♥♦Q+1+1
+2.0Round 1🇦🇺 AUSTRALIA104♥♥2=+0
+2.0Round 7🏴󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿 ENGLAND103NT♠2=+0
+1.8Round 17🇺🇸 USA2123♦♠T=+0
+1.8Round 19🇭🇰 HONG KONG CHINA112♥♣6+2+1
+1.6Round 14🇹🇼 CHINESE TAIPEI203NT♠2+1+4
+1.6Round 17🇺🇸 USA224♠♣T+1+0
+1.6Round 19🇭🇰 HONG KONG CHINA134♠♦2+1+0
+1.6Round 20🇫🇷 FRANCE213NT♠2+3-13
+1.5Round 16🇲🇦 MOROCCO235♥♣A+1-13
+1.5Round 17🇺🇸 USA271NT♦Q-2+2
+1.5Round 17🇺🇸 USA283♠♦A-1+4
+1.4Round 17🇺🇸 USA254♠♥5-1+5
+1.3Round 5🇸🇪 SWEDEN23NT♣Q+3+11
+1.3Round 14🇹🇼 CHINESE TAIPEI233NT♠5+3+1
+1.3Round 15🇵🇱 POLAND144♠♥2=-1
+1.2Round 9🇳🇿 NEW ZEALAND124♠♦T+1+1
+1.2Round 20🇫🇷 FRANCE224♥♦9+1+0
+1.1Round 7🏴󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿 ENGLAND71NT♠4+1+0
+1.0Round 6🇮🇳 INDIA253NT♣8+1+0
+1.0Round 13🇺🇸 USA134♥♦J=-1
+1.0Round 14🇹🇼 CHINESE TAIPEI161NT♠3+2+1
+1.0Round 14🇹🇼 CHINESE TAIPEI222♠♥T+1+0
+1.0Round 14🇹🇼 CHINESE TAIPEI282♠♣3+1+0
+1.0Round 20🇫🇷 FRANCE192♠♦J-1+3
+1.0Round 23🇩🇰 DENMARK131NT♣J+1+0
+0.9Round 4🇦🇹 AUSTRIA234♠♣2=+13
+0.9Round 9🇳🇿 NEW ZEALAND134♥♠8=-1
+0.8Round 4🇦🇹 AUSTRIA184♥♠2+1-11
+0.8Round 11🇯🇵 JAPAN64♥♠7-1+5
+0.8Round 12🇩🇪 GERMANY253NT♥4+2+0
+0.8Round 13🇺🇸 USA123NT♦9+1+0
+0.8Round 17🇺🇸 USA2132♥♥A-1+0
+0.7Round 7🏴󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿 ENGLAND93♥♣8=+8
+0.7Round 11🇯🇵 JAPAN83NT♠4-1+3
+0.7Round 21🇳🇴 NORWAY51NT♣8=+1
+0.7Round 21🇳🇴 NORWAY122♦♠Q-1-3
+0.6Round 2🇪🇬 EGYPT163♥♠T-2+5
+0.6Round 9🇳🇿 NEW ZEALAND54♥♠A+2-11
+0.6Round 11🇯🇵 JAPAN123♠♦J=+10
+0.6Round 12🇩🇪 GERMANY174♠♥J+1+0
+0.6Round 13🇺🇸 USA163♥♠Q+1+1
+0.6Round 20🇫🇷 FRANCE264♠♠5+1+0
+0.5Round 14🇹🇼 CHINESE TAIPEI153NT♠6+2+1
+0.5Round 21🇳🇴 NORWAY134♠♥Q+1+0
+0.4Round 1🇦🇺 AUSTRALIA94♥♦K+2-11
+0.4Round 7🏴󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿 ENGLAND114♠♥K-1+4
+0.4Round 11🇯🇵 JAPAN34♠♣Q-1+10
+0.4Round 12🇩🇪 GERMANY284♦♦3-1+5
+0.4Round 13🇺🇸 USA173NT♦7+1-1
+0.4Round 21🇳🇴 NORWAY21NT♦T+2-10
+0.3Round 6🇮🇳 INDIA192♥♦3-2+2
+0.3Round 8🇨🇳 CHINA223NT♠T=+1
+0.3Round 15🇵🇱 POLAND54♥♦Q=+0
+0.3Round 21🇳🇴 NORWAY64♣♠A-2+9
+0.3Round 23🇩🇰 DENMARK33NT♠8+1+0
+0.1Round 2🇪🇬 EGYPT184♥♠7+2+13
+0.1Round 7🏴󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿 ENGLAND33NT♠5+2+0
+0.1Round 8🇨🇳 CHINA282♠♣5=+0
+0.1Round 12🇩🇪 GERMANY224♠♦6=-1
+0.1Round 13🇺🇸 USA184♥♠Q+1+1
-0.0Round 1🇦🇺 AUSTRALIA54♠♣3+1+0
-0.0Round 2🇪🇬 EGYPT193NT♦4+3+11
-0.0Round 5🇸🇪 SWEDEN54♥♣J=+1
+0.0Round 5🇸🇪 SWEDEN104♠♦6=+0
+0.0Round 6🇮🇳 INDIA172♥♣J+2-2
+0.0Round 9🇳🇿 NEW ZEALAND64♠♣3=+0
-0.0Round 12🇩🇪 GERMANY205♠♥6=-13
-0.0Round 21🇳🇴 NORWAY43♣♥Q+2+10
-0.0Round 23🇩🇰 DENMARK13NT♥2+2-10
-0.0Round 23🇩🇰 DENMARK84♥♦Q+1+0
-0.1Round 13🇺🇸 USA1133♣♠T+1+14
-0.1Round 15🇵🇱 POLAND73♥♦9+1-10
-0.1Round 19🇭🇰 HONG KONG CHINA23NT♥5+1+0
-0.1Round 20🇫🇷 FRANCE173NT♠2+2-11
-0.1Round 21🇳🇴 NORWAY143♥♣Q+1+6
-0.2Round 4🇦🇹 AUSTRIA163NT♥5=+0
-0.2Round 15🇵🇱 POLAND81NT♥Q-1-3
-0.2Round 20🇫🇷 FRANCE153♥♥2=-1
-0.3Round 8🇨🇳 CHINA234♠♣6=-1
-0.4Round 2🇪🇬 EGYPT223NT♥6+2+11
-0.4Round 5🇸🇪 SWEDEN146♥♦T+1+11
-0.4Round 16🇲🇦 MOROCCO284♠x♠K-2-5
-0.5Round 1🇦🇺 AUSTRALIA35♦♥J+1+10
-0.6Round 1🇦🇺 AUSTRALIA64♥♣6-1+6
-0.6Round 2🇪🇬 EGYPT176NT♥9-1-14
-0.6Round 7🏴󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿 ENGLAND122♦♦3+1-5
-0.6Round 15🇵🇱 POLAND42♥♦T=+0
-0.6Round 21🇳🇴 NORWAY114♠♥3+1+0
-0.7Round 5🇸🇪 SWEDEN63NT♥3+1+0
-0.7Round 11🇯🇵 JAPAN132♠♠5+2-1
-0.7Round 12🇩🇪 GERMANY194♠♥K=-3
-0.8Round 1🇦🇺 AUSTRALIA113NT♣2+1+0
-0.8Round 2🇪🇬 EGYPT274♠♦4+1+0
-0.8Round 6🇮🇳 INDIA182♥♣Q=+0
-0.8Round 17🇺🇸 USA214♥♣4=+0
-0.8Round 17🇺🇸 USA262NT♥4+1-6
-0.8Round 23🇩🇰 DENMARK44♥♣Q=-1
-0.9Round 4🇦🇹 AUSTRIA173NT♠4+2+0
-0.9Round 5🇸🇪 SWEDEN34♠♦A=+0
-0.9Round 5🇸🇪 SWEDEN131NT♥5+1+0
-0.9Round 12🇩🇪 GERMANY232♥♦T+2-1
-0.9Round 15🇵🇱 POLAND104♠♠4+2-1
-0.9Round 23🇩🇰 DENMARK24♠♦6-2+0
-1.0Round 1🇦🇺 AUSTRALIA123NT♦J=+1
-1.0Round 2🇪🇬 EGYPT263NT♦6+1+0
-1.0Round 7🏴󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿 ENGLAND11NT♦Q-2+0
-1.0Round 13🇺🇸 USA194♠♣3-2-11
-1.0Round 15🇵🇱 POLAND126♠♥8=+0
-1.0Round 20🇫🇷 FRANCE253NT♠3+3-11
-1.1Round 1🇦🇺 AUSTRALIA13♥♣A=-1
-1.1Round 8🇨🇳 CHINA154♠♣A=-8
-1.2Round 13🇺🇸 USA1124♥♦6=-3
-1.2Round 14🇹🇼 CHINESE TAIPEI174♣♥J=-6
-1.3Round 8🇨🇳 CHINA262NT♠T=+1
-1.3Round 14🇹🇼 CHINESE TAIPEI272♠♦3+1+0
-1.4Round 1🇦🇺 AUSTRALIA43♦♠3+1+0
-1.4Round 11🇯🇵 JAPAN43NT♦2=-3
-1.4Round 23🇩🇰 DENMARK61NT♣3=-5
-1.4Round 23🇩🇰 DENMARK103NT♦5-1+5
-1.5Round 14🇹🇼 CHINESE TAIPEI214♠♦T+1-1
-1.6Round 11🇯🇵 JAPAN92♠♦J=+0
-1.6Round 21🇳🇴 NORWAY83♥♦2=+0
-1.7Round 15🇵🇱 POLAND113♦♣4-1-6
-1.7Round 23🇩🇰 DENMARK73♦♥A-2-3
-1.8Round 4🇦🇹 AUSTRIA242♠♦K+2-1
-1.8Round 19🇭🇰 HONG KONG CHINA125♣♥Q+1-10
-1.9Round 2🇪🇬 EGYPT281NT♥5-1-4
-1.9Round 16🇲🇦 MOROCCO153♣♠3=+1
-1.9Round 21🇳🇴 NORWAY75♥♠Q=-4
-2.0Round 4🇦🇹 AUSTRIA201NT♥4+1+0
-2.0Round 15🇵🇱 POLAND31NT♦5-2+1
-2.0Round 17🇺🇸 USA2103♦♠2=+0
-2.0Round 19🇭🇰 HONG KONG CHINA82♥♣J=-6
-2.1Round 15🇵🇱 POLAND14♥♠6=+1
-2.1Round 15🇵🇱 POLAND93♥♦9=+0
-2.3Round 6🇮🇳 INDIA213NT♣2+1-1
-2.3Round 13🇺🇸 USA1143NT♥J+3-14
-2.3Round 16🇲🇦 MOROCCO242♠♠2-2-6
-2.7Round 8🇨🇳 CHINA214♠♦4+1+0
-2.7Round 8🇨🇳 CHINA272♣♦T-1-9
-2.7Round 9🇳🇿 NEW ZEALAND82♥♥K+1-1
-2.7Round 11🇯🇵 JAPAN72♣♦8+1-1
-2.7Round 23🇩🇰 DENMARK93NT♥2+3-1
-2.8Round 4🇦🇹 AUSTRIA212♦♣Q+1-1
-3.0Round 12🇩🇪 GERMANY164♠♦5+2-1
-3.0Round 14🇹🇼 CHINESE TAIPEI242NT♠3-1-5
-3.0Round 17🇺🇸 USA241♥♣3-2-3
-3.1Round 5🇸🇪 SWEDEN93♥♥6+1-6
-3.2Round 16🇲🇦 MOROCCO194♠♣K+2-14
-3.3Round 6🇮🇳 INDIA221NT♥2=+0
-3.5Round 23🇩🇰 DENMARK126♥♥2-1-17
-3.6Round 17🇺🇸 USA2144♠♦9-1-5
-3.7Round 12🇩🇪 GERMANY213♥♣3-1-6
-3.7Round 16🇲🇦 MOROCCO263NT♠3=-10
-3.7Round 20🇫🇷 FRANCE163♥♣2-2-5
-3.8Round 4🇦🇹 AUSTRIA273♣♦2=-9
-3.8Round 6🇮🇳 INDIA262♥♣4=-6
-3.8Round 20🇫🇷 FRANCE184♥x♦A-1+0
-4.0Round 1🇦🇺 AUSTRALIA132♣♥6+1+1
-4.0Round 2🇪🇬 EGYPT213♥♣Q+3+7
-4.0Round 7🏴󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿 ENGLAND82♥♦K=-5
-4.0Round 16🇲🇦 MOROCCO182NT♦9+1+0
-4.1Round 19🇭🇰 HONG KONG CHINA13♥♣A+1-6
-4.1Round 19🇭🇰 HONG KONG CHINA45♦♠K-1-16
-4.2Round 5🇸🇪 SWEDEN84♦♠8-2-5
-4.2Round 15🇵🇱 POLAND133NT♠2-2-8
-4.5Round 5🇸🇪 SWEDEN73NT♦3-1-6
-4.8Round 5🇸🇪 SWEDEN126♥♠4+1+11
-5.2Round 13🇺🇸 USA1104♥♣J=-3
-5.5Round 12🇩🇪 GERMANY247♥♣Q=+0
-5.6Round 19🇭🇰 HONG KONG CHINA75♦♣A-1-12
-5.6Round 23🇩🇰 DENMARK54♠♣A=-8
-5.7Round 19🇭🇰 HONG KONG CHINA145♥x♠6-2-5
-6.1Round 7🏴󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿 ENGLAND134♠♥T-1-12
-7.3Round 11🇯🇵 JAPAN116NT♥9=-2
-7.6Round 6🇮🇳 INDIA204♠♦A-1-12
-8.0Round 15🇵🇱 POLAND24♠♦2-2-12
-8.2Round 4🇦🇹 AUSTRIA285♥x♠K-3-8
-8.3Round 9🇳🇿 NEW ZEALAND43♣♣3-4-7
-8.4Round 1🇦🇺 AUSTRALIA83NT♣3-1-10
-8.4Round 11🇯🇵 JAPAN105♣♠Q+1+13
-8.5Round 7🏴󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿 ENGLAND46♦♦9=+2
-8.5Round 20🇫🇷 FRANCE245♦x♣5-4-9
-8.9Round 8🇨🇳 CHINA194♦♠A-4-10
-9.0Round 9🇳🇿 NEW ZEALAND25♠x♦5-2-5
-9.2Round 2🇪🇬 EGYPT156♣♥K=+0
-9.3Round 16🇲🇦 MOROCCO206♥♣A-1-17
-9.4Round 4🇦🇹 AUSTRIA155♥x♦Q-1+0
-9.6Round 7🏴󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿 ENGLAND63NT♠4=-10
-9.9Round 6🇮🇳 INDIA283NT♣T-2-13
-10.0Round 2🇪🇬 EGYPT233NT♣3=-10
-10.2Round 17🇺🇸 USA296NT♣2-1-14
-10.4Round 23🇩🇰 DENMARK117♥♣A-1-13
-11.0Round 17🇺🇸 USA234♥♦J-4-12
-11.6Round 19🇭🇰 HONG KONG CHINA95♦x♣A-4-5
-11.6Round 19🇭🇰 HONG KONG CHINA106♠♥Q=+13
-11.7Round 20🇫🇷 FRANCE236♣♣9=-12
-12.1Round 5🇸🇪 SWEDEN14♥x♠T+1-13
-12.7Round 13🇺🇸 USA145♦♣A-1-13